Overview
The Dominican Republic is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with Haiti, making Hispaniola one of only two Caribbean islands, along with Saint Martin, that is shared by two sovereign states.
Aerial view of the Dominican Republic's stunning coastline
Key Geographical Features
Size and Location
- Total Area: 48,670 square kilometers (18,792 square miles)
- Coordinates: 19°00′N 70°40′W
- Coastline: 1,288 kilometers (800 miles)
Topography
The Dominican Republic's landscape is diverse, featuring:
- Mountains: Four major mountain ranges cross the country
- Valleys: Fertile valleys between the mountain ranges
- Coastal plains: Extensive areas along the northern and southern coasts
- Highest Peak: Pico Duarte (3,175 meters or 10,417 feet)
The majestic mountain ranges of the Dominican Republic
Climate
The Dominican Republic has a tropical climate with variations due to elevation:
- Average temperature: 25°C (77°F)
- Rainy season: May to November
- Hurricane season: June to November
Natural Resources
The Dominican Republic is rich in natural resources, including:
- Nickel
- Bauxite
- Gold
- Silver
- Arable land
- Hydropower potential
Fertile agricultural land, one of the Dominican Republic's valuable natural resources
Environmental Concerns
Like many countries, the Dominican Republic faces several environmental challenges:
- Deforestation
- Soil erosion
- Water pollution
- Coral reef degradation
- Threats to biodiversity
Notable Geographical Features
Lakes and Rivers
- Lake Enriquillo: The largest lake and lowest point in the Caribbean (40 meters below sea level)
- Yaque del Norte River: The longest river in the Dominican Republic
The stunning Lake Enriquillo, the largest lake in the Caribbean
National Parks
The Dominican Republic has numerous national parks and protected areas, including:
- Los Haitises National Park: Known for its karst limestone formations and mangrove forests
- Jaragua National Park: Home to diverse ecosystems and the endangered Rhinoceros Iguana
- Del Este National Park: Features beautiful beaches, caves with Taíno art, and diverse wildlife
The breathtaking landscape of Los Haitises National Park